聊聊「故障艺术」，不只是打个码而已！ Talking about “glitch art”, it’s not just about typing a code!
你知道什么是故障艺术吗？ Do you know what glitch art is?
故障艺术（Glitch Art）是一种通过数字或模拟手法将图像扭曲化而产生的视觉艺术。
Glitch art is a type of visual art that distorts images through digital or analogue techniques.
蒸汽波音乐（ｖａｐｏｒｗａｖｅ）和故障艺术这二者的跨感官通感让很多人以为故障艺术就是蒸汽波，或者故障艺术是蒸汽波创作过程中的副产品。虽然二者都有对消费主义的调侃这一特性，但其实故障艺术要比蒸汽波早得多，它的起源可以追溯到20世纪初。
The cross-sensory synesthesia of vaporwave music and glitch art has led many people to think that glitch art is vaporwave, or that glitch art is a by-product of vaporwave creation. Although both have the characteristic of mocking consumerism, glitch art predates vaporwave much earlier, and its origins can be traced back to the early 20th century.
要说故障艺术，就不得不提一下它的始祖：达达主义 （Dadaism）。达达主义是20世纪初欧洲兴起的反艺术运动。这里的反艺术并不是指焚书坑儒式地销毁传统的油画和诗歌集，而是倡导颠覆权威的审美观。举个例子来说，如果艺术权威认为两个眼睛一个鼻子长在一张对称的脸上是美的，达达主义就会在脸蛋上贴一个鼻子，额头上再加一个眼睛，玩的就是一个荒诞。可以说达达主义是在艺术领域的史前朋克了。
To talk about the art of malfunction, we have to mention its ancestor: Dadaism. Dadaism was an anti-art movement that emerged in Europe in the early 20th century. The anti-art here does not refer to the burning of books and the Confucian destruction of traditional oil paintings and poetry collections, but to advocate an aesthetic that subverts authority. For example, if an artistic authority believes that two eyes and a nose are beautiful on a symmetrical face, Dadaism will put a nose on the face and add an eye to the forehead, which is absurd. It can be said that Dadaism is a prehistoric punk in the field of art.
典型的达达主义作品 Typical Dadaist works
当人们第一次将影像通过模拟方式（比如胶片）投射到电影屏幕上时，Glitch也就以画幅错位和胶片上划痕和灰尘的投射这样的形式同时诞生并扎根民间了，只不过很多年之后才有了将它艺术化的艺术家，以及欣赏这类艺术的人群。随着一切的一切都数字化后，数字文件读取错误产生的乱码又取代了旧时代的模拟信号故障，成了新时代的Glitch。
When people first projected images on a movie screen through analog means (such as film), Glitch was born and took root in the folk at the same time in the form of frame misalignment and the projection of scratches and dust on film, but it was not until many years later that there were artists who made it artistic, and people who appreciated such art. As everything is digitized, the garbled characters generated by digital file reading errors replace the analog signal failures of the old era and become the Glitch of the new era.
故障艺术可以说是当今互联网上最草根儿的一种艺术形式了，因为很多故障艺术作品是可以一键生成的，但这样做出的作品是否耐看就是另一个问题了。其实想想，使用Lomography的漏光相机来拍出故意漏光的作品也可以算是故障艺术的一种，换做今天，更流行的做法就是手机照片边缘加上畸变和色差效果的摄影滤镜APP了。
Glitch art can be said to be the most grassroots art form on the Internet today, because many glitch art works can be generated with one click, but whether the works produced in this way are durable is another question. In fact, if you think about it, using Lomography’s light-leaking camera to shoot deliberately leaked light works can also be regarded as a kind of faulty art, and today, the more popular practice is to add distortion and chromatic aberration effects to the edges of mobile phone photos.
在数字故障艺术流行前，将照片漏光处理曾是一种流行的故障艺术，现在也可以用APP模拟这一效果
Before the popularity of digital glitch art, photo leakage processing was a popular glitch art, and now this effect can also be simulated with an app
常见的iOS故障艺术制作APP，Android上也有类似的APP
A common iOS glitch art making app, and there are similar apps on Android
常见的数字时代故障艺术 Common digital age glitch art
进入互联网时代，“故障艺术”的视觉形式，也随着技术的更新而丰富起来。对于艺术家来说，在故障艺术表面之下，并没有更深的信息需要被破解。他们不意在追究数据篡改后能有什么意义，而只是去期待图像的魅力。
In the Internet era, the visual form of “fault art” has also been enriched with the update of technology. For artists, beneath the surface of glitch art, there is no deeper message to be deciphered. They don’t want to pursue the meaning of data tampering, but just look forward to the charm of the image.
Dimitry Morozov, a new media artist from Moscow, fulfills the question that many may have wondered about: Does smell have color? If so, what would it be like? To visualize the gas, Morozov uses an Arduino* to transform the data perceived by the sensor, resulting in these fault images, the brighter the image, the worse the air.
Strictly speaking, these images do not come from technical glitches, but these images are glitches in themselves, they have no data significance for monitoring the air, there are no sample patterns, and Morozov does not care about this. “The more polluting gases I collect, the more beautiful the image is presented,” he said, “which is a bit ironic.”
Giacomo Carmagnola, the Italian designer who indulges in the beauty of glitches. Giacomo deliberately chooses symbolic old photographs, classical sculptures or horror movie shots to destroy or replace the faces of the characters.
Different from the early glitch art style, Giacomo not only wants to see the image after the “glitch”, he is born in psychology, but also wants to use the glitch to stimulate the viewer’s psychology and create intuitive tension.
The iconic line columns in the picture are like an abyss, and one cannot know the state of the character’s facial expressions, but these “erasures” seem to evoke more perceptions, and the past and present are mixed in this eye-catching tear. Giacomo said, “I’m not talking about philosophy or higher concepts, but simple visual enjoyment. ”
Rosa Menckman believes that this is “a wonderful interruption that transforms an object from its usual form and discourse into a ruin of destroyed meaning.” ”
Interestingly, once the glitch image gains people’s favor, people have a new visual device: the “glitch” sense will in turn capture the viewer’s eye at any time.
As glitch artist Gustavo Fajardo said, “When you realize that every little thing around you can be used to create art, a whole new world opens up to you.” Therefore, on the side of the rational blueprint of the building, the artist follows his own sense of “fault”, and also uses technology to write the code of “ruins”, collect the smell of “ruins”, and map the terrain of “ruins”……
Glitch art doesn’t have to be visible and intangible digital art. With the spread of computers and the Internet and video games becoming a slightly more mainstream form of entertainment, we began to see fashion designers increasingly infiltrate the field of fashion design as a nerdy art form in the 2010s.
Anrealage FW 2011 by Kunihiko Morinaga
Fault art style trench coat 2013 by costume designer Nukeme from Japan in collaboration with visual artist Ucnv
Even Chanel can’t help but break down: Chanel SS 2016
The more common way to play is probably to print a glitch artwork on a tee and stationery:
The carpet artist named Faig Ahmed is not content with just wearing glitch art on his body. He incorporated glitch art into traditional Middle Eastern carpet creations, weaving these unique collapsed carpet works:
The work of carpet designer Faig Ahmed, combining glitch art and traditional Middle Eastern style rugs. Is there a cool and nonsensical feeling of dimensional breakthrough?
This is an area worth exploring alone with faulty mobile phones and faulty computers in the dead of night, and this article can only be briefly summarized. However, everything goes both ways, and when humans imitate images generated by machines when they make mistakes, machines are quietly invading the field of art that belongs to humans. The following painting drawn by artificial intelligence AI was auctioned off for a high price of $430,000 not long ago, which is 40 times higher than the price expected by the auction house. Maybe after many years, when the AI “mind” becomes more mature, it will say, “This is a faulty artwork I created when I imitated the fever of the human head.”
The logo of the hottest short video app “Douyin” at the moment is a kind of “glitch” style processing, and even some mobile phone photo apps have put Glitch-style filters, not to mention various emoticons and ghost videos, which are more or less integrated into the Glitch effect. So if you want to have glitch art immediately, you must not miss Amway Time~
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