“上林农官”瓦当是上林苑的遗物,“上林农官”瓦当的出现表明在秦汉时期皇家园林上林苑的建筑中,管理农业的机构占据重要地位,且其建筑规模宏大。国家实施了一系列政治、经济、法律手段来保障农业发展,各级官员也将农业管理视为首要任务,形成了全国上下重视农业的局面。重农体制的形成与完善,成为了汉代农业快速发展的关键因素之一。

 The roof tiles inscribed with ‘Shanglin Nongguan’ are relics from Shanglin Yuan. The emergence of these tiles indicates that during the Qin and Han dynasties, the agency responsible for agricultural administration occupied a prominent position within the architecture of the imperial garden, Shanglin Yuan, and its buildings were of grand scale. The state implemented a series of political, economic, and legal measures to safeguard agricultural development, and officials at all levels regarded agricultural management as their top priority, fostering a nationwide emphasis on agriculture. The formation and refinement of the agriculture-focused system became one of the key factors driving the rapid agricultural development of the Han Dynasty.

     上林苑:秦汉时期的瓦当上凡有“上林”字样的,无疑是来自于历史上赫赫有名的皇家苑囿——上林苑遗址。其范围大体包括今天陕西西安的蓝田、长安、鄠邑、周至地区和咸阳,兴平地区。上林苑早在秦代就已存在,秦始皇的阿房宫就修建在其中。汉武帝时期,上林苑得到进一步扩建,规模远超秦代。然而,在西汉末年,上林苑遭受了毁灭性的破坏。

雲熙藏瓦|汉代 “上林农官”瓦当 The “ShangLinNongGuan ”Tile of Han Dynasty

   Shanglin Park: Tiles from the Qin and Han dynasties inscribed with the word ‘Shanglin’ undoubtedly originated from the historically renowned royal garden, the site of Shanglin Garden. Its scope roughly encompasses Lantian, Chang’an, Huyi, and Zhouzhi districts, as well as Xianyang and Xingping areas in today’s Xi’an, Shaanxi. Shanglin Park existed as early as the Qin Dynasty, where Emperor Qin Shi Huang’s Epang Palace was constructed. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, Shanglin Park was further expanded, far exceeding its scale in the Qin Dynasty. However, towards the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Shanglin Park suffered devastating damage.

     农官制度:秦汉时期,农业在国家的管理体制中占有重要地位。上林苑中设有管理农业的机构,这从“上林农官”瓦当上可以得到印证。瓦当上的“农官”二字,反映了当时以大司农系统为主体的农业管理机构的历史背景。

    Agricultural Officer System: During the Qin and Han dynasties, agriculture occupied an important position in the national administrative system. There were institutions responsible for managing agriculture within Shanglin Park, as evidenced by the ‘Shanglin Nongguan’ (Official in Charge of Agriculture in Shanglin Park) roof tiles. The words ‘Nongguan’ (Agricultural Officer) on the roof tiles reflect the historical background of the agricultural administrative organization, which was centered around the Da Si Nong (Great Minister of Agriculture) system at that time.

     雲熙文化展示的这枚“上林农官”瓦当, 直径15.5厘米。瓦当上的文字书法精妙,四区阳文篆书“上林农官”四字,笔画纤细流畅,书法精妙,布局宽博;瓦当轮内单线弦纹,内外圆之间以双线“十”字栏界,布局宽博。

 The ‘Shanglin Nongguan’ roof tile displayed by Yunxi Culture measures 15.5 centimeters in diameter. The calligraphy on the roof tile is exquisite, with the four characters ‘Shanglin Nongguan’ inscribed in seal script in raised relief in four sections. The strokes are delicate and smooth, the calligraphy is exquisite, and the layout is spacious. Inside the wheel of the roof tile, there is a single-line chord pattern, and between the inner and outer circles.