During bunkering
在加装燃油时
Bunkering or Refuelling operation is one of the critical operations onboard. Ships and bunker barge personnel are required to exercise extreme care when carrying out bunkering operations. Failure to comply with correct bunkering procedures may lead to bunker spills. Bunker spills can have adverse effects on shipowners on account of pollution claims, fines and probable arrests. To avoid spills, every ship is required to have correct bunkering procedures laid out within the safety management system.
加装燃油或加油操作是船上的关键操作之一。船舶和燃油驳船人员在执行加油操作时必须格外谨慎。未能遵守正确的加油程序可能导致燃油泄漏。燃油泄漏会因污染索赔、罚款和可能的扣船而对船东产生不利影响。为避免泄漏，每艘船舶都需在安全管理体系中制定正确的加油程序。
‘Procedures for Bunkering’ (PDF, 280kb) are to be followed before, during and after bunkering. Bunkering procedures are to be followed in accordance with the ‘bunkering checklist’ (PDF, 550kb)
‘加油程序‘（PDF，280kb）必须在加油前、加油期间和加油后遵循。加油程序应按照‘加油检查表‘（PDF，550kb）执行。
Procedures for Bunkering
加油程序
bunkering checklist
加油检查表
The media below explains the bunkering system and procedure.
以下媒体解释了加油系统和程序。
Internal oil transfer on board may also cause overflow of tanks and subsequent pollution. Extreme care should be exercised while transferring oil and an ‘oil transfer checklist’ (PDF, 290 kb) should follow.
船内输油也可能导致油箱溢出和后续污染。输油时应极其谨慎，并需遵循‘输油检查表‘（PDF，290kb）。
oil transfer checklist
输油检查表
With respect to heavy fuel oil system on board a ship the following arrangements should be in place to prevent an accident
关于船舶重燃油系统，应配备以下装置以防止事故：
Weighted cock: It acts as a self closing device for all the sounding pipes servicing bunker tanks
重力阀：作为所有燃油舱测深管的自闭装置。
Flame trap: Wire mesh or wire gauze which is fitted on the air pipes connecting bunker tanks. This mesh prevents the passage of flame inside the tanks.
阻火器：安装在连接燃油舱的通气管上的金属网或金属丝网。该网防止火焰进入舱内。
Sight glass: The sight glass in the bunker overflow pipe warns the operator that a bunker overflow is taking place.
观察镜：燃油溢流管中的观察镜可警告操作人员燃油正在溢出。
Overflow alarm: Bunker tanks have floats fitted on the upper part of the tank to warn personnel if the oil has reached at a higher level than what is actually permissible inside the tank. The alarm is triggered when the oil level rises beyond safety limits.
溢流警报器：燃油舱上部装有浮子，当油位超过舱内实际允许高度时向人员发出警告。油位超出安全限值时将触发警报。
Dumping valve: The dumping valve is fitted on settling tanks so that oil can be immediately transferred from this tank to double bottom tanks, which are at a much lower level in the event of a fire.
应急排放阀：安装在沉淀舱上的排放阀，可在火灾发生时立即将油从该舱转移至位置低得多的双层底舱。
Remote shut off arrangements, also known as quick closing valves, are provided to shut off the fuel oil supply in the event of a pollution or fire. The remote shut off valves are located either at the entrance to the engine room or in remote fire control stations.
远程关闭装置（又称速闭阀）用于在发生污染或火灾时切断燃油供应。这些远程关闭阀位于机舱入口处或远程消防控制站。